File: HELP.EN of Tape: Original/Originals/os840-1
(Source file text)
& Type HELP <com?andname> for information on a specific command Type HELP HELP or HELP * for more information on HELP HELP.HL V40A English OS/8 V40 COMMAND SUMMARY ASSIGN Assign name to device MACHE Same as MAKE BASIC Enter BASIC system MACREL Assemble Macrel source BOOT Boots to new system MAP Print bitmap CANCEL Shut down symbiont MEMORY Restrict memory usage CCL Disables CCL commands MUNG Execute Teco Macro CLOSE Removes a device from system NAME Same as RENAME COMPARE Compare source files ODT Run octal debugger COMPILE Compile file OEFFNE Same as OPEN KOMPIL German COMPILE OPEN Insert new device in system COPY Copy file PAL Assemble file KOPIE German COPY PRINT Print file via spooler CREATE Open new file for editing Q Queue up file to be printed KREIERE German CREATE R Run program from SYS: CREF Assemble and cref RENAME Rename file DATE Specify or print date REQUEST Start up symbiont DEASSI Deassign logical devices RUN Run program DELETE Delete file SAVE Save program image DIRECT Print directory SCHLIES Same as CLOSE DRUCKE Same as LIST SENDE Same as TALK (only Multi-8) DUPLIC Copy diskette SET Alter device characteristics EDIT Edit file SPEICH German MEMORY EXECUTE Compile and run SQUISH Compress device FOCAL Runs Dataplan Focal START Start program FUTIL Runs file utility program SUBMIT Start BATCH GET Get program into memory SYSTEM Shows system resources GOTO Goto $CARD in Batch stream TALK Send message (only Multi-8) HELP List help information TEXT Process text file INHALT Same as DIRECTORY TECO Edit file with Teco LAUF SUBMIT with /H and /S TYPE Type file LADEN Same as LOAD UA,B,C Store commands LINK Links Macrel binaries UX Show all remembrances LIST List file VERDICH Same as SQUISH LOESCH Same as DELETE VERGLEI Same as COMPARE LOGIN Login to Multi-8 VERSION KBM and CCL Version LOGOUT Logout from Multi-8 ZEIGE Same as TYPE LOAD Load file ZERO Zero device MAKE Make new file with TECO @FILE Indirect command in FILE &ABSLDR ABSLDR.SV @Calling commands: .LOAD dev:BINFILE.BN,... .LOAD BINFILE.BN,... /from dsk: @Switches: Longs: /8 prog doesn't use below 02000 /9 prog doesn't use below 12000 /G go /go /I load .SV memory image file /image /P program is friendly to Batch /R reset internal load-map /S multiple binaries/file /multiple /n force loading to field n =fnnnn set starting address &BASIC BASIC.SV @Calling commands: .BASIC @Internal commands: BYE exit from BASIC EDIT edit a line LIST list current program's statements NAME rename current program NEW prepare for a new program OLD retrieve an old program RUN run current program SAVE save current program SCRATCH delete current program SEQ begin auto sequence mode &BOOT BOOT.SV V40 @Calling commands: .BOOT/DV[.] .= Halt after bootstrap @Switches: /CA TA8E Cassette /DK Any disk /LT Linctape /PT PT8E (Loads BINLDR) /RE RK8E disk /RF RF08,DF32 disks /RK RK8 disk /RL RL01 disk /RX RX8E (RX01,RX02) Floppy disk /SI System Industry Mod43 disk /TC TC08 Dectape /TD TD8E Dectape /VE Version # /VX VX Extended Memory device /ZE Zeroes Core (FIELD 0) &COMPAR SRCCOM.SV V40 @Calling commands: .COMPAR dev:OUTFILE<dev:INFILE1.PA,dev:INFILE2.PA /out extension is .LS .COMPAR OUTFILE<INFILE1.PA,INFILE2.PA /default device DSK: .COMPAR INFILE1.PA,INFILE2.PA /default out: is TTY: @Switches: Longs: /B compare blank lines /blanks /C don't compare (slashed) comments /nocomments /S don't compare tabs and spaces /nospaces /T convert tabs to spaces on output /tabs /X don't compare or print comments /noprintcomments @ERRORS: ?0 insufficient memory ?1 input error file 1 (or less than 2 input files) ?2 input error file 2 ?3 output file too large ?4 output error ?5 can't open output file &CONSOLE &CNTRLB &CONTROL &KONTROL Virtual console: Enter Virtual Console Mode by typing CONTRL/B. The system activates the Virtual Console if a HLT instruction is encountered or an emulation or swap-error occurs. Virtual Console Commands: AC 1234 Set vitual accumulator to 1234 Boot Bootstrap the virtual machine. Continue Continue execution of the virtual machine DELAY 2,212 On output, inset 2 fillers after each 212 (Line-feed) ESCAPE 375 On input convert 375 to escape (233) Field 12 Set Instruction field to 1 and Datafield to 2 HOOK 5 Connect tour terminal to background # 5 Kill Restart virtual OS/8 at 07600 LEFT 334 On output convert backspace (210) to 334 (backslash) Pc 1234 Set the virtual program counter to 1234 Restore Reload a copy of OS/8 on the user disk and boot Switch 4567 Set the user's virtual switch register to 4567 Where Display the state of the virtual machine &CREF CREF.SV V40 @Calling commands: .CREF dev:BINFILE.BN,dev:LISTFILE.LS,dev:TEMPFILE.TM<dev:INFILE.PA .CREF dev:INFILE.PA /listing to line printer only .CREF INFILE.PA /listing to line printer, input file on dsk @Switches: Longs: /E don't delete CREFLS.TM /M mammoth ( symbols * 2 ) /mammoth /P no pass 1 listing /nolist /U no listing or symbol table /nosymtab /X no literals /noliterals &DIRECT &INHALT DIRECT.SV V40 @Calling commands: .DIR dev:LISTFILE.DI<dev:FILETYPE /* is wild name or extension .DIR FILETYPE /? is wild character @Switches: Longs: /A alphabetize directory before processing /alphabetic /B include starting block numbers (octal) /blocks /C list only files with the current date /current /D sort files by date, then alphabetically /date /E include empties in the listing /extended /F fast mode (no lengths or dates) /fast /H print contents of the header block /I print additional information words (octal) /M list only the empties and the file summary /empties /N print dates in numeric form (mm/dd/yy) /O list only files with other than today's date /other /P page after each listing /page /R list remainder of files after the first one /remainder /T print the most timely (recent) files first /new /U treat each input specification separately /ugly /V list files not of the form specified /invert /W print the version number /version /X alphabetize by extension, then by name /extension =n use n columns - output is ordered by column /...:n &DUPLIC RXCOPY.SV V40 @Calling commands: .DUPLIC outdev:<indev: @Switches: Longs: /D format output double-density /M match with no implied copy /nocopy /N copy with no implied match /nomatch /P pause before and after copying floppy /pause /R verify input device, list bad sectors /readonly /S format output single-density /V print version number /version &EDIT &CREATE EDIT.SV V40 @Calling commands: Internal commands: .EDIT dev:OUTFILE.PA<dev:INFILE.PA A append text .CREATE OUTFILE.PA B list # locations left C change text @Switches: D delete text /A return to editor on close E transfer rest of data,close /B convert spaces to tab F after j,resume search /D predelete G get and list tagged line I insert text @Errors: J inter-buffer search ?0 input error K kill buffer ?1 output error L list text ?2 close error M move text ?3 open error N write text,read next page ?4 couldn't load handler P write buffer to output Q immediate end of file @Immediate commands: R read from input device ^G,^L Return to command mode S character search LF,> Print next line V list on line printer < Print last line Y input page,no output :,= Prints line number # Print version number Internal commands may be lower case &FUTIL OS/8 File UTILity V40A .Futil [dev:][file[.ex]] [/E][<mode switch>] only the first character of the command must be given. "/E" sets 'SHORT ERROR' mode and <mode switch> can be one of the following: /L set: access mode to LOAD, default .ex to .LD only /O=oooo set: access mode to OFFSET, offset to "oooo" /S set: access mode to SAVE, default .ex to .SV only SINGLE-CHARACTER commands: ([<item>] = optional <item>) Output in octal or octal & "symbolic" (PDP or FPP): <l>/ / [<n>]"LINE-FEED" [<n>]! [<n>]^ [<n>]_ <l>+ <l>- Output in a specified format: [<N>]# BCD [<n>]$ OS/8 ascii [<n>]: SIGNED decimal [<n>]% BYTE octal [<n>]& XS237 format packed ascii [<n>]< OCTAL [<n>]= UNSIGNED decimal [<n>]> PDP "symbolic" [<n>]? DIRECTORY [<n>]@ DATE format (extended, in alpha-numeric) [<n>][ ASCII [<n>]\ FPP "symbolic" [<n>]] PACKED ascii [<n>]$ (ESC) As 'SET' by last 'FORMAT' option No output: [<N>]"RETURN" [<n>]; WORD-TYPE commands: (And modifiers, many of which are optional) ASCII PACKED OS XS240 UNSIGNED SIGNED BCD BYTE OCTAL PDP FPP DIR DUMP [<format>] <block string> ([<format>]s above) LIST [<format>] <location string> ([<format>]s above) MODIFY [<format>] <location string> ([<format>]s below) WORD <option(s)> <n> UNEQUAL ABSOLUTE MEMREF FROM <l> TO <l> STRING <option(s)> <number string> MASKED ABSOLUTE FROM <l> TO <l> SMASK <number string> e.g. 1,34,0,7700,0,(-1),377 SET <option> <setting> OUTPUT OCTAL PDP FPP ERROR LONG SHORT FORMAT <format> OFFSET <l> LOWER <l> UPPER <l> DEVICE <device name[:]> DDEV <device name[:]> MODE NORMAL SAVE LOAD OFFSET DMODE ALL PART NONE MASK <n> FILLER <n> TEMP <n - 24-bit> SHOW <option(s)> BLOCK CCB ABSOLUTE RELATIVE ODT LOWER UPPER MASK SMASK OFFSET MODE DEVICE OUTPUT FORMAT HEADER FILLER VERSION ERRORS DDEV FILE <file name(s)> default = .SV, .LD, null WRITE [<block>] OPEN <file name> default = .DU CLOSE SCAN <block string> REWIND IF <expression> END COMMENT [<comment>] EXIT EVAL <expression> e.g. (1!(S+^D17))*^K15+(C&7600) ! & + - * / ( ) C L B F T S R D Numeric input: ^D ^K <digits> "<1 character> '<2 characters> Control characters: ^P ^C ^U ^R RUBOUT ^Q ^S &FORTRAN &F4 F4.SV .HELP F4ERR prints FORTRAN error messages @Calling commands: .COMPILE dev:RALFFILE.RL,dev:LISTFILE.LS,dev:MAPFILE.MP<dev:INFILE.FT .COMPILE INFILE.FT /from DSK @Switches: /N suppress internal statement numbers /Q optimize &F4ERR MK misspelled keyword AA too many args are arrays ML multiply defined line numbers AS bad ASSIGN statement MM mismatched parenthesis BD bad dimensions MO expected operand missing BS bad statement in BLOCK DATA MT mixed variable types CL bad complex literal OF error writing output file CO syntax error in COMMON OP illegal operator DA bad syntax in DATA statement OT wrong operand type DE illegal statement at end of DO PD compiler stack overflow DF bad DEFINE FILE statement PH bad program header line DH hollerith field error QL nesting error in equivalence DL wrong data/variable list length QS syntax error in EQUIVALENCE DN DO-END missing RD redefining variable dimensions DO syntax error in do RT redefining variable type DP bad do loop parameter RW syntax error in read/write EX syntax error in EXTERNAL SF bad arithmetic function GT syntax error in GOTO SN illegal name in call GV variable not INTEGER or REAL SS subscript expression error HO hollerith field error ST symbol table full IE error reading input file SY system error IF improper statement TD bad syntax in type declaration LI bad arg to logical IF US undefined statement number LT input line too long VE version error &LADE &LOAD LOAD.SV @Calling commands: .LOAD dev:OUTFILE.LD<dev:INFILE1.RL,... @Switches: /C more input to load /G chain to run-time system /L accept library file /S symbol map &MULTI8 New CCL commands: OPEN DSKn: Make DSKn: available for read access OPEN DSKn:/W Make DSKn: available for read and write access CLOSE DSKn: Remove DSKn: CLOSE [ALL] Remove all open DSKn:'s, except DSK0: TALK n xxxxx Send the text xxxxx to terminal n LOGOUT End a terminal session. Virtual Console Commands: AC 1234 Set vitual accumulator to 1234 Boot Bootstrap the virtual machine. Continue Continue execution of the virtual machine DELAY 2,212 On output, inset 2 fillers after each 212 (Line-feed) ESCAPE 375 On input convert 375 to escape (233) Field 12 Set Instruction field to 1 and Datafield to 2 HOOK 5 Connect tour terminal to background # 5 Kill Restart virtual OS/8 at 07600 LEFT 334 On output convert backspace (210) to 334 (backslash) Pc 1234 Set the virtual program counter to 1234 Restore Reload a copy of OS/8 on the user disk and boot Switch 4567 Set the user's virtual switch register to 4567 Where Display the state of the virtual machine &MAP BITMAP.SV V40 @Calling commands: .MAP MAPFILE.MP<INFILE.BN,... @Switches: /N forces mapping of all files to field n (0-7) /R reset internal map /S allow multiple binaries per file /T invert TTY-style output switch &OCOMP OCOMP.SV - Compare & Dump Files under a mask .R OCOMP *out:LIST.LS<dev1:FILE1,dev2:FILE2 [=mask] ^ ^ ^ ^ tty: .LS dsk: dsk: are the defaults COMPARE: Two input files are compared under a mask [default=7777] DUMP: Dump all words of 1 file with no mask bits off [ " ] SEARCH: Dump all words of 1 file equal to mask [option/s] OTHER COMMAND DECODER OPTIONS: /I IMAGE MODE: Input file is core image .SV file Addressing is by memory address Default extension is .SV /C CCB OUTPUT: CCB is printed as part of the title Must also have /I /D DIFFERENCE MODE: Only message is 'SAME' or 'DIFFERENT' /F FORM FEED: All printed blocks have preceeding FF /T TELETYPE: 72 column narrow output /H HEADER: Always print header line Errors are signaled by "USER ERROR X" messages ERROR CONDITION 1 More than two input files 2 Output file is too small 3 Output handler FETCH or ENTER failed 4 Input handler FETCH or ENTER failed 5 Input file #1 error 6 Input file #2 error 7 Output file error 8 Output file CLOSE failed 9 CCB decode error &ODT ODT @Calling commands: .ODT @Internal commands: ffnnnn/ open loc nnnn in field ff nnnn+ open current loc+nnnn / reopen last opened loc nnnn- open current loc-nnnn nnnn deposit nnnn in open loc ffnnnnG go to loc nnnn in field ff <cr> close previously opened loc ffnnnnB establish breakpoint <lf> close loc, open next loc B remove breakpoint ^ close,open loc addressed A open AC _ close,open loc pointed to L open link M open search mask C continue from breakpoint <lf> open lower search limit nnnnC continue nnnn times <lf> open upper search limit D ff/xx open data field and modify nnnnW search for nnnn in limits F ff/xx open field for ^,_, W ^O suppress printing ff is field from 0-37 Delete Cancel entered number ** Good luck ** &PAL PAL8.SV V40 .HELP PALERR prints PAL8 error messages @Calling commands: .PAL dev:BINFILE.BN,dev:LISTFILE.LS,dev:TEMPFILE.TM<dev:INFILE.PA/C .PAL INFILE.PA @Switches: Longs: /B treat ! as byte shift /shift /C chain to CREF :CREF command /D DDT compatible symbol table /ddt /E enable error msg on link generated /nolinks /F disable 0-fill in TEXT /nofill /G go /go /H non-paginated output /nonpaginated /J don't list lines conditionalized out /nonconditionals /K use extra memory /L load /load /N no listing /nolist /O disable origin 200 /noorig /S no symbol table /nosymtab /T no form feeds /W don't remember literals /noremember /7 lineprinter wide symbol table /wide &PALERR PAL8.SV (ERRORS) @Errors: BE tables overlapped CF CREF.SV no on SYS: DE device error DF device full IC illegal character ID illegal redefinition IE illegal equals II illegal indirect IP illegal pseudo-op IZ illegal page zero ref LD SYS:ABSLDR.SV not found LG link generated PE page exceeded PH end of source conditionalized out RD redefinition SE symbol table exceeded UO undefined origin US undefined symbol ZE page 0 exceeded &PIP PIP.SV V40A @Switches: /A ASCII mode /B Binary mode /C eliminate trailing blanks /D delete output file before transfer /E extended directory listing /F fast directory listing (no dates) /G ignore errors /I image mode /L list directory /N numeric (MM/DD/YY) dates (/E or /L) /O okay to compress or zero /S squish /T convert tabs to spaces etc. /V version number /Y copy system head /Z zero output directory before transfer =N # of additional info words (/Z or /S) =N size to close output file (/I) &Q &QUE &QUEUE QUEUE command @Format: .Q filename,... @Switches: Longs: /D deletes file in queue /delete /K stop all printing /kill /L lists files already in queue /list /C=n queues up n (octal) copies /copies:n /G starts printing again /go /N no header block /noh /S stops printer for a moment /stop /2 2 pages of header block &SET SET.SV V40 @Calling commands: .SET dev parameter(s) or: .R SET .SET dev NO parameter(s) #SET dev parameter #$ ($ returns to monitor) @Parameters: ARROW display control characters with up arrow (e.g. ^C, ^S) ASSIGN set sys ass dev userdev (sets user name in bootstrap) BLOCK set dev block [n], location [m] (modify handler) CODE N change tty:, lpt: IOTS or card reader codes COL N set DIRECT to use n columns (.SET TTY COL 2) DEASSIGN set sys deassign (removes user names from bootstrap) DVCODE change device codes (dangerous!) ECHO restore TTY character echoing ESCAPE display ESC(ASCII 033) without converting it to $ FILES declare device to be file-structured FILL on lineprinter: simulate FF page-ejects HEIGHT [M] set TTY screen height or LPT page height (FF simulation) INIT xxxxx cause SYS to execute xxxxx on bootstrapping LA8A declare LPT to be LP08 or LS8E LA78 declare LPT to be LA180 or PRINTRONIX on DKC8-AA LC declare line printer or TTY to have lower case LOCATION N [=M] examine or change locations in handler LV8E lineprinter to have an LV8E form-feed LX180 declare LPT to be Logabax printer NO PAUSE enable TTY form-feed delay PAGE restore TTY ^S, ^Q facilities. On LPT enable form-feed PAUSE enable delay for asynchronous lineprinters PAUSE [N] set TTY pause time READONLY declare device to be read only SCOPE erase character on TTY deletes SLU2/SLU3 lineprinter on asynchronous outputs of VT78 TAB in TTY print tabs (don't simulate with spaces) TAB [N] set lineprinter tab size (any size .gt. 1) VERSION X change handler version number WIDTH N set width of line printer or TTY &BATCH &LAUF &SUBMIT BATCH.SV V40 @Calling commands: .SUBMIT spooldev:<inputdev:FILE.BI @Switches: Longs: /C Batch from cards /cards /E don't abort on errors /nonfatal /Q no BATCH log /quiet /H hush /hush /I Batch from TTY: (for testing) /L Force Batch Log to LPT: /printer /P Batch from paper tape /papertape /S Enable Subroutine mode /subroutine /U unattended /unattended /V BATCH Version /version /6 Use 026 Card codes (only if /C) /026 @Control Cards: $JOB Starts new Batch JOB (full page on LPT:) $MSG Message to terminal and wait for operator $END Ends current JOB. Returns from subroutine or quit $ERR If Batch error Status on, start, if off, stop executing $EXIT Stop executing and scan for other $ cards. Does not end JOB $RESUME Reenable execution. (after $ERR or $EXIT) $SKIP Skip next command if error Status off Execute next command if error Status on. Turn error off .GO xy CCL command: Goto Card $xy (backward or forward) If the /S option was used to start Batch, the behaviour of Batch upon issuance of .SU in a Batch stream is different. This SU command will create a new Batch stream which will execute till it finds a $END. At that moment the old Batch stream will be started at the instruction following the SU that started the subroutine. The Error status is turned on automatically by some CUSPS. If a user program wants to turn it on, it can do so by writing to the new BAT: handler (Version M). &TECO &MAKE &MUNG TECO.SV V08 @CALLING COMMANDS: .TECO dev:OUTFILE<dev:INFILE /Assumes .PA extension .TECO FILE.MA /Edit Backup FILE.MA .MAKE dev:OUTFILE /Makes new file on dev: .MAKE OUTFILE /The same but on dsk: .MUNG dev:INFILE,Macro argument text /Executes Macro INFILE @Internal Commands: (Novice Subset) J Moves pointer to start of buffer K Deletes text from pointer to EOL ZJ Moves pointer to end of buffer nK Deletes n lines of text L Pointer to start of next line HK Deletes all of text buffer nL Advances pointer n lines D Deletes 1 character after pointer -nL Moves pointer back n lines nD Deletes n characters after pointer 0L Moves pointer to start of line -nD Deletes n characters before " C Moves pointer across 1 character P Writes page, read in next nC Moves pointer across n characters nP Executes P command n times -nC Moves pointer back n characters A Appends next input page to buffer T Types text from pointer to EOL EX Copy all, end file and exit nT Types n lines of text on terminal Stext$ HT Types all of text buffer on TTY Searches for 'text' on current 0TT Types current line page. If found set pointer after V Alternate form of 0TT. found 'text' string. Ntext$ FStext1$text2$ Same as Stext$, but searches Searches for 'text1', if found across page boundaries. replace with 'text2' &DELETE &DRUCKE © &KOPIER &LIST &NAME &RENAME &TYPE &ZEIGE FOTP.SV V40 @Calling commands: .COPY dev:OUTFILE.EX<dev:INFILE.EX /* is wild name or extension .REN dev:NEWFILE.EX<dev:OLDFILE.EX /? is wild character .DEL dev:FILE.EX .LIST dev:FILE.EX /= .COPY LPT:<DEV:FILE.EX .TYPE dev:FILE.EX /= .COPY TTY:<DEV:FILE.EX @Switches: Longs: /C match only files with current date /current /F request new device if out of room /failsafe /L type log of input filename matches :always with CCL /N no pre-delete /nopredelete /O match only files without today's date /other /Q query user about file before operation /query /T use today's date /today /U treat each input spec. separately /ugly /V match files not of form specified /invert /W print version # &ASSIGN &BYE &CANCEL &CLOSE &DATE &DEASSIGN &GET &GOTO &LOGIN &LOGOUT &MEMORY &OEFFNE &OPEN &PRINT &R &REQUEST &RUN &SAVE &SENDE &SCHLIESSE &SPEICHER &START &SQUISH &TALK &UA &UB &UC &UX &VERDICHTE &ZERO KEYBOARD AND OTHER COMMANDS FOR KBM V40 @Calling commands: .ASSIGN DEV NAME /assign name to device .CANCEL /stop symbiont mode, resume 16k OS/78 .CLOSE DSKn: /Multi-8: Remove DSKn: .CLOSE [ALL] /Multi-8: Remove all open DSKn:'s (not DSK0:) .DATE DD-MON-YY[$] /enter date into system [and print] .DEASSIGN /deassign logical device names .GET dev FILE.EX /load memory image .GOTO /Goto $CARD in Batch stream .LOGOUT /Multi-8: End a terminal session. .MEMORY ff /sets highest field ff to be used and prints .OPEN DSKn: /Multi-8: make DSKn: available for read access .OPEN DSKn:/W /Multi-8: the same, but also write access .R FILE /execute FILE.SV from SYS .REQUEST FILE.SM /request FILE.SM run in symbiont mode .RUN dev FILE.EX /execute FILE.EX from the device .SAVE dev FILE.EX /save memory image .SQUISH dev: /compress file storage on device .START fnnnn /start execution .TALK n xxxxx /Multi-8: Send the text xxxxx to terminal n .UA,UB,UC commands /save command(.UA<cr> executes it) .UX command /prints all remembrances COM,LO,ED,FO classes .ZERO dev: /zero device's directory